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- Four-spotted Caryopsis
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- Four-spotted Caryopsis
On the back and elytra there are hairs forming a pattern in the form of spots or the letter “X”. Antennae, paws fully or partially have a yellowish-reddish color. The head of the insect is small and slightly pulled into the front chest. The back of the pest has a trapezoidal or oval shape. The hind legs of the beetle are thicker and longer than the middle and front.
The four-spotted caryopsis in the enlarged photo is clearly visible, allowing you to examine all the details in detail. This insect does not live in the territory of the Russian Federation. But it can be brought in with legumes from Central Asian countries. Most often with soy, peas, chickpeas and other grains. Her relatives are bean and pea seed.
How is development
Grains propagate in warehouses or in the field continuously. They lay their eggs on seeds or opened beans. They adhere very firmly to them and become hard. Often they can be seen on containers or bags in which grain is stored. After pests appear from them, they can mate and lay eggs in 24 hours, their number can reach 15 pieces. Females are quite fertile and can lay about 100 eggs.
Important! In the hot season, the laying time is 5 days, and in winter it can be a little more than a month. The embryo develops within 5-12 days depending on the temperature.
The four-spotted insect larva has 4 ages. Before pupating, it breaks the membrane of the seed, forming a hole through which the bug appears. The time spent in the larval stage depends on temperature. If it is high, the period can last about 11 days, and if low (16, 8 ° C) - up to two months. The development of a four-spotted carynx pupa can drag on for up to six months at low temperatures.
There are 2 types of grains: flying and flightless insects. With increasing temperature, the amount of the first species increases. Four-spotted beetles are very harmful to crops. One affected grain can contain up to 10 larvae. The four-spotted caryopsis loves heat, is a daytime insect and exhibits its activity in good sunlight. Some types of grains can develop not only on cultivated legumes, but also on mallow, bindweed, umbrella and other plants.
Pest control
As soon as four-spotted grains are detected, quarantine is declared. But first, it is necessary to take preventive measures, which are as follows:
- carry out control of imported products;
- declare a ban on the import of a new infected batch into the country;
- conduct inspection of storage facilities and storage facilities.
If grains are found, quarantine is imposed. After that, they must be destroyed. There are chemical and physico-mechanical methods of dealing with them. The first involves the use of preparations containing phosphines (hydrogen phosphorus). The second - destroy pests using the grain cooling process.In order for the grain to not become infected, it is necessary to keep warehouses and storage facilities clean and in good condition.
