Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine

With the arrival of spring warmth, many people seek to go out into the countryside to put up a tent, enjoy the fresh air and take a break from everyday worries. However, do not forget that the environment can be fraught with many serious dangers, one of which is ixodid ticks. Often a parasite bite promotes the spread of a neurotropic virus, which, when penetrated into the blood stream, causes tick-borne encephalitis (a disease that affects the vital systems of the body). Prevent Negative consequences vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis will help.

The condition of the victim tick bite a person depends on the stability of the nervous system, and on the number of bacteria that enter the body. Symptoms of infection appear within the first week of the attack of the bloodsucker, but incubation period may last longer. The victim experiences:

• muscle and headache;
• swelling of the limbs and cervical zone;
• a feeling of fever and lack of appetite;
• loss of consciousness and to whom.

Encephalitis Vaccination: Who Needs It

Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine prevents the development of viral infection. It is especially necessary:

• for people living in places where parasites are rampant;
• tourists and travelers;
• children living in the private sector in the summer and eating fresh cow's milk (the penetration of pests into the human body through the esophagus along with milk causes severe intoxication);
• foresters and logging workers;
• farm owners and agricultural workers;
• military personnel.

How does vaccination work?

After the virus enters the body, the immune system begins to search for an antigen of a pathogenic substance, which contributes to the production of immunoglobulin. Antibodies formed in the human body are stored in it for a long time, with the penetration of a living pathogen they have a neutralizing effect on it.

Does vaccination help

Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine is safe for the human body, therefore, virus infection during vaccination does not occur. This fact is explained by the content of the preparation of dead forms of the pathogen. The effectiveness of vaccination lies in persistent immunity to the virus, which after administration of the drug is observed in most patients (95%). Therefore, even with repeated attacks of a bloodsucker, a vaccinated person is unlikely to be able to get sick.

On a note!

But given that the risk of contracting encephalitis, although small, still exists (5%), even in this situation, the pathology proceeds in a mild form (without serious consequences and complications for the body).

Varieties of vaccines

Along with Russian-made drugs, there is also an imported vaccine that can be vaccinated for both adults and children.For prevention, to prevent infection with a dangerous infection, the following are used:

• dry tick encephalitis vaccine (Russia);
• Encepur - there is an adult and childhood vaccine (Germany);
• FSME Immun and FSME Immun Junior (Austria).

Another Russian vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis in children is called EnceVir Neo, it is one of the most common. There is an EnceVir vaccine for people over 18 years of age.

German and Austrian vaccines are also very popular in Russia. So the children's vaccine Ensepur, intended for children 1-12 years old, has a standard vaccination schedule: two injections are carried out with an interval of 1-3 months, after 9 months-1 year, the third vaccine is given. Encepur adult is introduced in a similar manner.

On a note!

The serum of the Russian manufacturer contains antigens of the Siberian and Far Eastern viruses, and the European vaccine has a strain of the Western virus. But, despite this, a tick vaccine of any composition is effective against various types of disease.

Vaccination regimens

The vaccination schedule is of two variations:

• Classical (regular) vaccination involves three doses (2 vaccinations and revaccination). The timing of vaccination varies depending on the manufacturer's recommendations (the vaccination calendar is indicated in the instructions). Two vaccinations are sufficient for the formation of immunity (the second vaccination is carried out with an interval of 1 to 7 months). Given that parasites are active in May and June, vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis should be carried out in the autumn-winter period, the deadline is March, April. After the end of the course, revaccination is carried out, its frequency is once every 3 years.
• Emergency vaccination allows you to create a "quick" immunity. Immediate vaccination is carried out in two stages, the interval between which is reduced to 14 days. It is able to strengthen the immune system within 3-4 weeks.

On a note!

Tick ​​vaccination is permissible only for healthy people and only after examination by a doctor. One injection is not able to form an immunity, and therefore, a person will have to be vaccinated again.

An encephalitis tick vaccine is injected subcutaneously into the shoulder area. Injection into the blood vessel is unacceptable.

Vaccination of children

The question of how old children are vaccinated against ticks is puzzled by many parents. It depends on which drug is used. Usually, doctors recommend vaccinating a child from one year old, and German or Austrian vaccination is usually in great demand.

Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis in children is carried out only at high risk of infection with the virus. This method of protection has a number of undeniable advantages:

• Even Tick-borne Encephalitis suddenly bites the vaccinated child, the baby may either not get infected at all, or be ill in a mild form.
• Despite the row side effects on an encephalitis vaccine, all of them are rare enough. Most children tolerate vaccination painlessly and easily.
• If you wonder how much the vaccine works, you can appreciate its advantage: the duration of the protective period from the moment of vaccination is at least 3 years, so you should not worry about this baby.

Adult vaccination

A tick bite vaccine is not required for adults. However, do not forget that run into a peddler of a dangerous infection You can not only in the woods, but also in the country or while relaxing in the park. The likelihood of contracting encephalitis with the vaccination algorithm is quite low.

Vaccination and alcohol

The question of whether it is possible to take alcohol after vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis is one of the frequently asked questions. Experts argue that the combination of a drink with an injection on each organism can act differently.

In most cases, alcohol is not compatible with drugs because it enhances their reaction.

Important!

Vaccination is, albeit in a small dose, but a poison that allows the body to develop immunity due to the fact that it is ill with the disease in a mild form. Therefore, the intensification of such a reaction can lead to intoxication of the body, which will be extremely negative for it. Even cases of a fatal outcome of such a reaction are known. Therefore, it is better to avoid drinking alcohol on the day of vaccination.

Side effects

Referring to vaccine reviews, some people are very difficult to tolerate the introduction of such an injection into the body. Tick-borne vaccine can cause:

• swelling, thickening and redness in the place where the tick was injected;
• fever and fever;
• lethargy and apathy, or vice versa, excessive irritability;
• severe headache;
• increased heart rate;
• lack of appetite;
• allergies
• swelling of the lymph nodes;
• muscle pain and cramps;
• indigestion accompanied by vomiting.

If such symptoms occur, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Contraindications for tick-borne encephalitis vaccination

There are a number of contraindications in which the vaccine against encephalitis cannot be used. Unacceptable vaccination in the presence of:

• chronic diseases;
• bronchial asthma and diabetes;
• epilepsy and tuberculosis;
• rheumatism and blood diseases;
• endocrinological disorders;
• an allergic reaction to chicken protein;
• heart diseases and liver pathologies;
• during lactation, during pregnancy, as well as infants up to a year.

On a note!

To protect yourself from a tick bite, women during pregnancy are not recommended to hike in the forest or camp sites in period of parasite activityYou should also not drink boiled fresh milk.

Where in addition to the clinic do vaccinations

The question where you can get the vaccine against encephalitis is no less frequently asked. You can be vaccinated against tick-borne encephalitis in a specialized medical facility. In endemic areas where the epidemiological service reports on high pest activity in hospitals, a free vaccination is given.

On a note!

Vaccination is carried out not only in district clinics, but also in sanitary-epidemiological stations or infectious diseases hospitals. The average cost of a vaccine of a domestic manufacturer is about 500 rubles per 1 ampoule. The price of imported whey is 2-3 times higher.

If necessary, you should independently contact paid vaccination rooms and find out how much the vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis costs. In the absence of a vaccine, antiviral drugs that a doctor recommends can be drunk for preventive purposes.

If the tick still bites

Emergency prevention after a tick bite necessary in the first three days (preferably on the first day) immunoglobulin. For prevention of tick-borne encephalitis in children, immunoglobulin and Anaferon (for children) are used.